biliary sludge

biliary sludge Microscopic particulate matter in bile. The composition of biliary sludge varies. The most common particulate components are cholesterol crystals and calcium salts. Biliary sludge has been associated with certain conditions, including rapid weight loss, fasting, pregnancy, the use of certain medications (for example, ceftriaxone, octreotide), and bone marrow or solid organ transplantation. However, it most commonly occurs in individuals with no identifiable conditions. Biliary sludge can be considered microscopic gallstones. Biliary sludge usually causes no symptoms, and it may appear and disappear over time. It may, however, cause intermittent pain in the abdomen, often with nausea and vomiting. Biliary sludge may also cause more serious complications, including inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) and inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis). Biliary sludge can be detected with ultrasound of the abdomen, or by directly examining bile content under a microscope. If patients with biliary sludge develop symptoms or complications, the gallbladder may be removed. See also gallstone.