gout

gout A condition that is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of uric acid in the blood, recurring attacks of joint inflammation (arthritis), deposits of hard lumps of uric acid in and around the joints. It is sometimes associated with decreased kidney function and kidney stones. Uric acid is a breakdown product of purines, which are part of many foods we eat. The tendency to develop gout and elevated blood levels of uric acid (hyperuricemia) is often inherited, and it can be promoted by obesity, weight gain, alcohol intake, high blood pressure, abnormal kidney function, and certain drugs. The most reliable diagnostic test for gout is the identification of crystals in joints, body fluids, and tissues. The treatment of an attack of gouty arthritis includes taking measures to reduce inflammation such as ice applications, resting the inflamed joint, and anti-inflammatory medications. See also gout, tophaceous; gouty arthritis; hyperuricemia.