migraine headache

migraine headache The most common type of vascular headache, thought to be caused by abnormal sensitivity of arteries in the brain to various triggers that result in arterial spasms. Other arteries in the brain and scalp then open, and throbbing pain is perceived in the head. The tendency to migraine is inherited and appears to involve serotonin. This brain chemical (neurotransmitter) is involved in the transmission of nerve impulses that trigger the release of substances in the blood vessels. These nerve impulses cause the flashing lights and other sensory phenomena, known as auras, which may accompany migraines. Not all severe headaches are migraines and not all migraines are severe. Factors known to make migraines worse in some patients include stress, food sensitivities, menstruation, and the onset of menopause. Most patients feel better if they lie down and avoid bright lights. Preventive measures can include medications and avoiding any known migraine triggers. Medication that can ease the pain of a current migraine is also available. See also headache; headache, vascular.