Definition and Mechanism Kernig sign is a meningeal sign indicating possible irritation of the meninges due to conditions like meningitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, or other causes of meningeal inflammation or increased intracranial pressure. Test Procedure Clinical Significance 🔹 Positive Kernig sign suggests meningeal irritation, commonly due to: 🔹 Why does it happen? Associated Signs Limitations
kernicterus A disorder that is due to severe jaundice in the newborn, with deposition of the pigment bilirubin in the brain that causes damage to the brain, potentially leading to athetoid cerebral palsy, hearing loss, vision problems, or mental retardation. Also known as bilirubin encephalopathy.
keratotomy, radial A surgical procedure designed to flatten the cornea and thereby correct nearsightedness (myopia). It is called a radial keratotomy because the radial incisions in the cornea resemble the spokes in a bicycle wheel.
keratotomy A surgical cut of the cornea.
keratotic scabies See scabies, keratotic.
keratosis follicularis A genetic skin disease that is characterized by slowly progressive hardening of the skin (keratosis) around the hair follicles. This disorder is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and is due to mutation in a gene called ATP2A2 on chromosome 12. Also known as Darier disease.
keratosis, seborrheic A common skin disorder that is characterized by benign, painless, often wart-like skin lesions that appear to be “stuck on.” The raised spots are usually yellow or brown. Treatment, if warranted, involves surgical or cryosurgical removal. Also known as seborrheic warts and verruca.
keratosis, actinic A small rough spot on the skin that can give rise to a skin cancer called squamous cell carcinoma. Actinic keratosis is due to excessive sun exposure and most frequently occurs in fair-skinned people after 40 years of age. Common locations for actinic keratosis are the face, scalp, nape of the neck, upper…
keratosis A localized horny overgrowth of the skin, such as a wart or callus. Among the common types of keratosis are actinic keratosis and seborrheic keratosis.
keratoplasty Corneal transplant.
keratodermia blennorrhagicum A skin disease that occurs in patients with reactive arthritis (formerly Reiter’s syndrome). Abbreviated KB. Classically, the areas of the skin that are involved are the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet, although other body surfaces may also be affected. The inflammation of the skin can come and go….
keratoconus A cone-shaped cornea, with the apex of the cone being forward. Keratoconus causes distorted vision. Also known as conical cornea. Treatment of keratoconus depends on the severity of the condition. Treatment options include eyeglasses, rigid contact lenses, and corneal transplantation, and combinations of these.