Dictionary

gonadotropin One of the hormones that are secreted by the pituitary gland and that affect the function of the male or female gonads. See also follicle-stimulating hormone; human chorionic gonadotropin; luteinizing hormone.

gonad, male See testis.

gonad, indifferent A gonad in an embryo that has not differentiated into a definitive testis or ovary. An indifferent gonad becomes a testis if the embryo has a Y chromosome, but if the embryo has no Y chromosome, the indifferent gonad becomes an ovary. The absence of a Y chromosome permits the indifferent gonad to…

gonad, female See ovary.

gonad A reproductive gland that produces germ cells (gametes): an ovary or testis.

golfer’s elbow See elbow, golfer’s.

golfer’s cramp A dystonia that affects the muscles of the hand and sometimes the forearm and that occurs only when a person is playing golf. Similar focal dystonias have also been called typist’s cramp, pianist’s cramp, musician’s cramp, and writer’s cramp. See also dystonia; dystonia, focal.

goiter-deafness syndrome See Pendred syndrome.

goiter, toxic multinodular A condition in which the thyroid gland contains multiple lumps (nodules) that are overactive and that produce excess thyroid hormones. Also known as Parry disease and Plummer disease.

goiter, iodide A goiter caused by prolonged intake of too much iodine that results in abnormally low thyroid activity (hypothyroidism). Certain foods and medications contain large amounts of iodine. Examples include seaweed; iodine-rich expectorants (Brand names: SSKI and Lugol solution) used in the treatment of cough, asthma, and chronic pulmonary disease; and amiodarone (brand name:…

goiter, exophthalmic See Graves disease.

goiter, diffuse toxic See Graves disease.