English textbooks

What is Fanconi anemia in children? Fanconi anemia is a blood disorder. With this condition, the bone marrow doesn’t make enough blood cells. Or it makes defective blood cells. Bone marrow is the spongy material inside bones. It makes white…

What is folate-deficiency anemia? Folate-deficiency anemia is the lack of folic acid in the blood. Folic acid is a B vitamin that helps your body make red blood cells. If you don’t have enough red blood cells, you have anemia.…

What is hemolytic anemia? Hemolytic anemia is a disorder in which red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be made. The destruction of red blood cells is called hemolysis. Red blood cells carry oxygen to all parts of…

What is iron-deficiency anemia? The most common cause of anemia is a lack of iron. This is called iron deficiency. Iron is needed to make hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is the part of red blood cells that carries oxygen to the body.…

What is vitamin B-12 deficiency anemia? Vitamin B-12 deficiency anemia is a condition in which your body doesn’t have enough healthy red blood cells because of a lack of vitamin B-12. This vitamin is needed to make red blood cells.…

What is anesthesia? During surgery, your child will be given some form of anesthesia. This is medicine for the relief of pain and any feeling during surgery. The type and dosage of anesthesia are managed by a healthcare provider who…

Most animal bites require treatment based on the type and severity of the wound. Whether the bite is from a family pet or an animal in the wild, scratches and bites can become infected and cause scarring. Animals can also carry…

Parents often dream of what their new baby may look like. They think about a pink, round, chubby-cheeked and gurgling wonder. It may be surprising for many parents to see their newborn the first time—wet and red, with a long…

What is childhood apraxia of speech? Childhood apraxia of speech is a type of speech disorder. It’s present from birth. A child with this condition has problems making sounds correctly and consistently. Apraxia is a problem with the motor coordination…

What is Takayasu arteritis? Takayasu arteritis is a rare, ongoing (chronic) autoimmune disease. It causes redness and swelling (inflammation) of the large arteries. It’s a rare disease that’s much more common in young women. It is also believed to be more common…

What is arthritis? Arthritis and other rheumatic diseases are common conditions that cause pain, swelling, and limited movement. They affect joints and connective tissues around the body. Millions of people in the U.S. have some form of arthritis. Arthritis means…

What is juvenile idiopathic arthritis? Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a form of arthritis in children. Arthritis causes joint swelling (inflammation) and joint stiffness. JIA is arthritis that affects 1 or more joints for at least 6 weeks in a…