English textbooks

There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves; they’re hooked up to the mind and are transmitted by way of foramina within the base of the skull. The totally different pairs are named from earlier than backward as follows: 1st. Olfactory,…

THE ORGANS of the senses could also be divided into (a) these of the particular senses of style, odor, sight, and listening to, and (b) these related to the common sensations of warmth, chilly, ache, stress, and so on. The…

Neural pathway A neural pathway is a neural tract connecting one a part of the nervous system with one other, often consisting of bundles of elongated, myelin insultated neurons, recognized collectively as white matter. Neural pathways serve to attach comparatively…

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM is probably the most difficult and extremely organized of the assorted methods which make up the human physique. It’s the mechanism involved with the correlation and integration of varied bodily processes and the reactions and changes of…

There are specific organs that are similar to secreting glands, however differ from them in a single important specific, viz., they don’t possess any ducts by which their secretion is discharged. These organs are referred to as endocrine glands. They’re…

Immune system unites organs and tissues, which offer protection from genetically overseas cells or issues, that obtained from out or are generated contained in the organism, offering fidelity of inside organism setting. Organs of immune system could also be divided…

Genital Glands.—The primary look of the genital gland is actually the identical within the two sexes, and consists in a thickening of the epithelial layer which strains the peritoneal cavity on the medial facet of the urogenital fold. The thick…

Genital Glands. The primary look of the genital gland is basically the identical within the two sexes, and consists in a thickening of the epithelial layer which traces the peritoneal cavity on the medial facet of the urogenital fold. The…

Organs of breath The phrase “respiration” describes two processes. Inner or mobile respiration is the method by which glucose or different small molecules are oxidised to supply power: this requires oxygen and generates carbon dioxide. Exterior respiration (respiration) includes merely…

THE MUSCLES are related with the bones, cartilages, ligaments, and pores and skin, both instantly, or via the intervention of fibrous constructions known as tendons or aponeuroses. The place a muscle is connected to bone or cartilage, the fibers finish in…

Basic doctrine about joints. Ontogenesis of articulations The bones of the skeleton are joined to 1 one other at totally different elements of their surfaces, and such connections are termed Joints or Articulations. The place the joints are immovable, as…

Tissues and organs In human physique they distinguish some ranges of the group: connective tissue – much less elasticity – wrinkles cartilage – much less elasticity – degenerative modifications reminiscent of osteo-arthritis with related modifications. Costal cartilages usually changed by…