Dictionary

translation The process by which the genetic code carried by messenger RNA (mRNA) directs the production of proteins from amino acids.

transitional cell carcinoma See carcinoma, transitional cell.

transition, menopause See menopause transition.

transient ischemic attack An event that affects the central nervous system and has the signs and symptoms of a stroke but that goes away within a short period of time. Abbreviated TIA. A TIA is due to a temporary lack of adequate blood and oxygen (ischemia) to the brain. This is often caused by the…

transfusion medicine The practice of blood transfusion and blood conservation, complementary activities that ensure the best balance between safety and convenience during emergency care or surgery.

transfusion The transfer of blood or blood products from one person (the donor) into the bloodstream of another person (the recipient). In most situations, transfusion is done as a lifesaving maneuver to replace blood cells or blood products lost through severe bleeding. Transfusion of one’s own blood (autologous transfusion) is the safest method, but it…

transferred ophthalmia See sympathetic ophthalmia.

transfer RNA See RNA, transfer.

transcription Making an RNA copy from a sequence of DNA (a gene). Transcription is the first step in gene expression.

transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic See alanine aminotransferase.

transaminase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic See aspartate aminotransferase.

trans fatty acid An unhealthy substance that is made through the chemical process of hydrogenation of oils. Hydrogenation solidifies liquid oils and increases the shelf life and the flavor stability of oils and foods that contain them. Trans fatty acids are found in vegetable shortening and in some margarine, crackers, cookies, and snack foods. Trans…