cancer, kidney A malignant tumor of the kidney. Childhood kidney cancer is different from adult kidney cancer. The most common type of childhood kidney cancer is Wilms tumor. The most common type of adult kidney cancer is renal cell cancer (also known as renal adenocarcinoma). A frequent sign of kidney cancer is blood in the…
cancer, Hodgkin’s lymphoma A type of lymphoma (cancer of the lymphatic system). Also known as Hodgkin’s disease. The most common symptom is painless swelling of the lymph nodes in the neck, underarm, or groin. Most patients are in their teens or 20s. It is diagnosed with a biopsy of an enlarged lymph node. Treatment usually…
cancer, gastric A malignant tumor of the stomach. Gastric cancer can develop in any part of the stomach and can spread from the stomach to other organs. Symptoms of stomach cancer are often vague, such as loss of appetite and weight. Gastric cancer is diagnosed via a biopsy of stomach tissue during an endoscopy. Also…
cancer, esophagus See esophageal cancer.
cancer, colorectal See cancer, colon.
cancer, colon A malignant tumor arising from the inner wall of the large intestine (the colon). In the US, colon cancer is the third leading type of cancer in males and the fourth in females. Risk factors for cancer of the colon and rectum (colorectal cancer) include colon polyps, long-standing ulcerative colitis, and genetic family…
cancer, cervical A malignant tumor of the cervix, the lowest part of the uterus, which forms a canal that opens into the vagina. Regular pelvic exams and Pap tests are of great importance and can detect precancerous changes in the cervix. The most common symptom is abnormal bleeding. Cancer of the cervix can be diagnosed…
cancer, causes Causes of cancer. In most individual cases, the exact cause of cancer is unknown. It’s likely that each case represents an interplay of several factors, which may include increased genetic susceptibility; environmental insults, such as chemical exposure or smoking cigarettes; lifestyle factors, including diet; and damage caused by infectious disease. Although they are…
cancer, breast, susceptibility gene See breast cancer susceptibility gene.
cancer, breast, familial See breast cancer, familial.
cancer, breast See breast cancer.
cancer, brain See brain cancer.