vertebral column The 33 vertebrae that fit together to form a flexible, yet extraordinarily tough, column that serves to support the back through a full range of motion. The vertebral column also protects the spinal cord, which runs from the brain through the hollow space in the middle of the vertebral column. There are 7…
vertebral compression fracture A fracture that collapses a spinal vertebra as a result of the compression of bone, similarly to the way a sponge collapses under the pressure of one’s hand. Although they may occur without pain, such vertebral fractures often cause severe, band-like pain that radiates from the spine around both sides of the…
vertebral rib See floating rib.
vertebroplasty A nonsurgical method for repairing osteoporosis back fractures, such as vertebral compression fractures. Vertebroplasty is performed by a radiologist, without surgery, and involves inserting a glue-like material into the center of the collapsed spinal vertebra to stabilize and strengthen the crushed bone. The material is inserted through anesthetized skin with a needle and syringe,…
vertex The top of the head. For example, in a vertex presentation at birth, the top of the baby’s head emerges first.
vertex birth Birth in which the top of the baby’s head emerges first. This is the most common presentation.
vertical transmission Passage of a diseasecausing agent (pathogen) from mother to baby during the period immediately before and after birth. Transmission might occur across the placenta, in the breast milk, or through direct contact during or after birth. For example, HIV can be a vertically transmitted pathogen. Also known as perinatal transmission.
vertigo A feeling that one is turning around or that things are turning about the person. Vertigo is usually due to a problem with the inner ear. See also dizziness; lightheadedness; unsteadiness.
vertigo, recurrent aural See Ménière’s disease.
vesicant A substance that causes tissue blistering. Also known as vesicatory.
vesicate To blister.
vesicatory See vesicant.